Do you agree or disagree with the author go either way it does not Essay

Do you concur or differ with the writer go whichever way it doesn't make a difference to me - Essay Example It has caught the consideration of different nations remembering the United States for work power and innovation. There is no uncertainty that China has the most sophisticate innovations and the quickest financial development than some other state over the globe. It is additionally apparent that China has solid military powers. In spite of every one of these components, I can't help contradicting Gifford that China is the future super force. As indicated by Uckert (1995, p. 9), China despite everything face some serious issues that thwart her from accomplishing this gigantic objective. This has been apparent in the market since a large portion of China’ economy has been persistently state possessed. These state possessed ventures utilize just a single third of the urban Chinese workforce while about portion of the undertakings run by the state are unfruitful. Despite the fact that the Chinese government comprehends the circumstance, they are hesitant on the grounds that they dread it will cause joblessness and social turmoil. Second obstruction is the populace, which brings down its per capita pay. To quantify the economy of China, it should traverse a bigger populace which likewise influences its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). At present, the world GDP is developing at s pace of 4.5 %. The typical china’s economy at present is $3.2 trillion for it to lead each state it implies that it needs to develop at 11% persistently for a long time which may not be conceivable in light of the fact that it has never developed past 10%. Furthermore, high populace prompts joblessness and furthermore powers the administration to redirect its ventures to non beneficial parts like lodging therefore influencing its financial development. Aside from that, it likewise prompts visit contortion of value items, defilement and restricted government incomes. Every one of these elements are not markers of future super powers. Right now, the connection between the state and the general public in china isn't solid because of inconsistent dissemination of assets. There is incredible divergence among wages and ways of life among the Chinese residents,

Presidential Appointments Requiring Senate Approval

Presidential Appointments Requiring Senate Approval What a commendation! The President of the United States has named you to fill a top-level government position, perhaps a Cabinet-level employment. All things considered, appreciate a glass of bubbly and take a few slaps on the back, however dont sell the house and call the movers at this time. The president may need you, however except if you likewise win the endorsement of the U.S. Senate, its back to the shoe store on Monday for you. Over the national government, almost 1,200 official level employments might be filled uniquely by people delegated by the president and endorsed by a basic lion's share vote of the Senate. For new approaching presidents, filling many, if not most, of these abandoned situations as fast as conceivable speaks to a significant piece of their presidential progress process, just as taking a critical bit of time all through the rest of their terms. What Kind of Jobs are These? As indicated by a Congressional Research Service report, these presidentially-named positions requiring Senate endorsement can be sorted as follows: Secretaries of the 15 Cabinet organizations, representative secretaries, undersecretaries, and associate secretaries, and general advice of those offices: Over 350 positionsJustices of the Supreme Court: 9 positions (Supreme Court judges serve forever subject to death, retirement, abdication or impeachment.)Certain employments in the autonomous, non-administrative official branch offices, similar to NASA and the National Science Foundation: Over 120 positionsDirector positions in the administrative offices, similar to the Environmental Protection Agency and the Federal Aviation Administration: Over 130 positionsU.S. Lawyers and U.S. Marshals: About 200 positionsAmbassadors to outside countries: Over 150 positionsPresidential arrangements to low maintenance positions, similar to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System: Over 160 positions Governmental issues Can Be a Problem Surely, the way that these positions require the endorsement of the Senate represents the likelihood that divided governmental issues may assume a basic job in the presidential arrangement process. Particularly during times when one ideological group controls the White House and another gathering holds a lion's share in the Senate, similar to the case during the second term of President Barak Obama, Senators of the resistance are bound to attempt to defer or dismiss the president’s chosen people. Yet, There are ‘Privileged’ Nominations Planning to maintain a strategic distance from those political entanglements and deferrals in the presidential chosen one endorsement process, the Senate, on June 29, 2011, received Senate Resolution 116, which built up an exceptional sped up system administering Senate thought of certain lower-level presidential assignments. Under the goals, more than 40 explicit presidential designations for the most part aide office secretaries and individuals from different sheets and commissions-sidestep the Senate subcommittee endorsement process. Rather, the assignments are sent to the chairpersons of the fitting Senate boards under the heading, â€Å"Privileged Nominations †Information Requested.† Once the committees’ staffs have checked that the â€Å"appropriate true to life and money related polls have been received† from the chosen one, the designations are considered by the full Senate. In supporting Senate Resolution 116, Senator Chuck Schumer (D-New York) expressed his view that in light of the fact that the assignments were for â€Å"noncontroversial positions,† they ought to be affirmed on the floor of the Senate by â€Å"unanimous consent†-meaning they are totally endorsed simultaneously by a solitary voice vote. Be that as it may, under the guidelines overseeing consistent assent things, any Senator, for oneself or for the benefit of another Senator, can coordinate that a specific â€Å"privileged† candidate be alluded to Senate advisory group and considered in the standard style. Break Appointments: The Presidents’ End Run Article II, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution gives presidents an approach to in any event incidentally sidestep the Senate in making presidential arrangements. In particular, the third provision of Article II, Section 2 awards the president the ability to â€Å"fill up all Vacancies that may occur during the Recess of the Senate, by giving Commissions which will terminate toward the End of their next Session.† The courts have held that this implies during times the Senate is in a break, the president can make arrangements without the requirement for Senate endorsement. Be that as it may, the representative must be endorsed by the Senate before the finish of the following meeting of Congress, or when the position becomes empty once more. While the Constitution doesn't address the issue, the Supreme Court in its 2014 choice on account of National Labor Relations Board v. Noel Canning decided that the Senate must be in break for in any event three back to back days before the president can make break arrangements. This procedure, prevalently known as â€Å"recess appointments,† is frequently profoundly dubious. While trying to forestall break arrangements, the minority party in the Senate regularly holds â€Å"pro forma† meetings during breaks enduring longer than three days. While no administrative business is directed in an ace forma meeting, they guarantee that Congress isn't formally dismissed, subsequently obstructing the president from making break arrangements. Presidentially Appointed Jobs With No Senate Needed On the off chance that you truly need to work â€Å"at the joy of the president,† yet don’t need to need to confront the examination of the U.S. Senate, there are in excess of 320 other significant level government occupations that the president can fill straightforwardly without the Senate’s thought or endorsement. The occupations, known as PA, or â€Å"Presidential Appointment† employments pay from about $99,628 to about $180,000 every year and offer full bureaucratic representative advantages, as indicated by the Government Accountability Office.

Thank You

Thank You For the past few days, Ive been walking around with this weird feeling on the inside. As if goosebumps are embedded deep into my skin. Subconsciously, Ive been feeling a lot of feelings. Sadness. Despair. Hopelessness. Confusion. Fear. When I first received news about the tragedy in New Zealand, I was unfazed. Not shocked at all. The first thought that came to my mind was again. Its happened again. And so I set my phone to the side and continued on with my life. I avoided social media for the next 24 hours, because I simply didnt feel capable of confronting reality. But subconsciously, my amygdala was processing all kinds of emotions. These emotions accumulated into internal goosebumps. And when that wasnt enough, eventually into tears. Tears that initially just sat on my lower eyelids. Then became streaks down the dry skin of my cheek. And eventually became a loud sob. I cant remember the last time I cried like that. Alone and on a sunny Sunday afternoon. But there I was weeping. Weeping for people whose faces now flood my Facebook feed. Weeping for people who were as innocent and defenseless as it could get. Weeping because in this incredibly beautiful world, hatred and inhumanity still persists. And I didnt know what to do with myself. Today was a day of different feelings. Hope. Togetherness. Gratitude. Today, the MIT community gathered for a Vigil of Hope. Classmates, friends, colleagues came together to offer comfort in their presence. They didnt have to be there and yet chose to come out and support the Muslim community and humanity at large. In that moment, the goosebumps returned. Because beauty and kindness can be just as all-encompassing as pain and fear. Different kinds of tears ran down my cheek as the Chapel filled with prayers in Arabic, Hebrew, Sanskrit and English alike. Unity in the face of diversity. And for that, I say Thank You. After the vigil, I stood in the neighboring lawn, rummaging through my backpack. I had to run to class and I couldnt remember where my assignment was. I knew it was somewhere in my bag and so I stood, flipping through a never-ending collection of loose pages. Then came the wind, scattering every single paper into every single direction possible. As I stood there, accepting that my notes, psets, practice exams were gone with the wind, the people around me begin to rush over. I tell them not to worry about it, to get on with their lives. That Ill be ok without the papers. But I kid you not, approximately ten people began running around collecting the thin sheets of paper. Ten people that stopped in their lives to help a disoriented, highly disorganized and mega-emotional gal get her things together. All with a smile on their face. A reminder that kindness still exists. And for that, I say Thank You. Post Tagged #New Zealand #Togetherness #Vigil

Essay on To an Athlete Dying Young Poetry Analysis

Sydney Walcher Instructor, Lisa Ward English 1213 8 April 2013 To an Athlete Dying Young A.E. Housman was a poet born in 1859 who became very successful during his lifetime. â€Å"To an Athlete Dying Young† represents the theme of glory is fleeting by illustrating the point that if a successful athlete dies young, they will not have to worry about their glory of victory fading. They can rest in peace knowing they will be remembered at their athletic peak when they were successful and victorious. They will not have to go through the pain of watching their fame disappear or whither out with time. In this poetic masterpiece, Housman pulls together figurative language, sound devices, and structure to illustrate that glory is fleeting through a†¦show more content†¦Another example is â€Å"Today, the road all runners come† because of road and runner. Rhyme is similarity of sound between words or the endings of words when used at the end of a line of poetry. The rhyme scheme of â€Å"To an Athlete Dying Young† is ABAB. This means that the last wor d of every two lines rhymes. For example, â€Å"So set, before its echoes fade,/The fleet foot on the sill of shade,/And hold to the lintel up/The still-defended challenge cup.† This is an excellent demonstration of the ABAB rhyme scheme because â€Å"fade† and â€Å"shade† rhymes, as does â€Å"up† and â€Å"cup.† In â€Å"To an Athlete Dying Young,† Housman uses iambic tetrameter, which refers to a line that is four iambic feet long, to create a lyric poem that can otherwise be known as an elegy since it praises an athlete that died young. Iambic tetrameter affects the beat of the words and how they flow together gracefully. Iambic tetrameter consists of a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable. Most lines in these poems tend to have eight syllables. However, lines thirteen and fourteen, â€Å"Eyes the shady night has shut/Cannot see the record cut,† stray from iambic tetrameter to trochaic tetrameter, one stressed syl lable plus one unstressed syllable in four feet, with catalexis, which is an incomplete foot at the end of a line. The literary masterpiece, â€Å"To an Athlete Dying Young,† uses figurative language, sound devices, and structure to illustrate a poemShow MoreRelatedThe Death Of An Athlete Dying Young1640 Words   |  7 PagesHousman s To An Athlete Dying Young A. E. Housman s To an Athlete Dying Young, also known as Lyric XIX in A Shropshire Lad, holds as its main theme the premature death of a young athlete as told from the point of view of a friend serving as pall bearer. The poem reveals the concept that those dying at the peak of their glory or youth are really quite lucky. The first few readings of To an Athlete Dying Young provides the reader with an understanding of Housman s view of death. AdditionalRead More An Analysis Of British Literature Essay2728 Words   |  11 Pages An Analysis of British Literature nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Death is inevitable and what happens after death will always be a mystery to the living. For this reason, the afterlife has always been a topic which artists have chosen to explore in their works. Throughout the chronology of British literature, artists have used societys views as a basis to examine the afterlife, and look at it in new ways. The afterlife has been a theme in British Literature from the Anglo-Saxon period of BeowulfRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagescan easily get broadcasted to a global audience †¢ Publishers want to ensure that their books sell *quality check* †¢ Any hack can put up his dribbling on Fictionpress.net †¢ Any angst-filled teenager can put up his or her macabre, misspelt poetry online. †¢ Anyone can masquerade a superstition for scientific truth and create a website to scare similarly weak-minded netizens Mainstream BAD: Profit motive and Government-regulated - reliability †¢ â€Å"Don’t let the facts get in the way ofRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesUniversity Christine Day, Eastern Michigan University Emmeline de Pillis, University of Hawaii, Hilo Kathy Lund Dean, Idaho State University Roger Dean, Washington Lee University Robert DelCampo, University of New Mexico Kristen Detienne, Brigham Young University Doug Dierking, University of Texas at Austin Cynthia Doil, Southern Illinois University Jennifer Dose, Messiah College Ceasar Douglas, Florida State University David Duby, Liberty University Ken Dunegan, Cleveland State University Michael

Smoking Is An Addictive Habit That Has Been Killing People...

Smoking is an addictive habit that has been killing people all over the world for hundreds of years. About 25% of adults smoke and about 30% of all adolescents use some type of tobacco product (â€Å"Smoking†). Statistics show that the majority of tobacco users began as a teenager, around thirteen years of age (Miller). The human population is supposed to have innate instincts to do all they can to survive and extend their lives, but individuals still make the choice to smoke and may not take into account all of the detrimental consequences their actions could have. When an individual lights up a cigarette, they are not only harming themselves, but also others around them and the environment. Has one ever truly wondered what exactly is in a cigarette? There are over 4,000 toxic substances contained in a cigarette, including Arsenic, which can be found in rat poison; Acetic Acid, which can be found in hair dye; Ammonia, which is included in household cleaners; and Butane, which is found in lighter fluid (â€Å"Smoking†). Smoking has the power to do horrible things to the human body and mind that some do not fully take into consideration. Physically, the effects of smoking are extremely serious. Smoking has the power to damage nearly every organ in the human body (â€Å"Smoking†). Each year, it causes nearly one in five deaths and is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States (Miller). Smokers are likely to develop heart disease, strokes, or lung cancer. Smoking diminishesShow MoreRelatedThe Film Secrets Of Tobacco Industry925 Words   |  4 Pagesto purchase and consume around the world. Available in various smoke shops and grocery stores tobacco is widely available to the public. But what are the effects of the drug on people’s health? What are countries doing to stop it? The film Secrets of Tobacco Industry speaks mainly about the marketing and sale of tobacco in Indonesia. To start of the Christof Putzel proceeds to New York where mayor Michael Bloomberg discuses his effective mission to decrease smoking in his city. Afterword Putzel thenRead MoreSmoking: A Therapeutic Approach to Quitting Essay981 Words   |  4 PagesSmoking A Therapeutic Approach to Quitting While smoking is a problem that affects millions of people in The United States, several different approaches are available to assist in breaking the habit; specifically, therapeutic approaches, when utilizing group sessions, one-on-one interaction, or self direction, do offer the ability to modify personal views, behaviors or other challenging issues to achieve predetermined results. 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Here I am going to write about tobacco smoking as a public health issue that has caused the federal go vernment to get involved on the issue of smoking and policies that has put into place to minimize/curb its hazards. Cigarette smoking is a dangerous habit that is every addictive and causes health problems not only toRead MoreEssay about The Major Public Health Concern of Tobacco1390 Words   |  6 PagesTobacco Now, more than ever, more and more people are beginning to look at tobacco use as a major public health concern. It is nineteen ninety nine, and the number of smokers is rising while the average age of smoking initiation decreases. There are those that believe using tobacco of any type should be illegal, or at least restricted. 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Introduction to Human Behavior in Organization Free Essays

string(34) " system was demeaning to workers\." Introduction to Organizational Behavior People have a variety of needs. Irrespective of one’s status, age, and achievements, one would still have some unfulfilled needs. In order to satisfy their unfulfilled needs more effectively, people have learned to organize themselves into groups. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to Human Behavior in Organization or any similar topic only for you Order Now The process of organizing facilitates an organization in its specialization efforts. It helps the employees to develop specialized skills and enhances the productivity and efficient functioning of the organization. The organizational system consists of social, technical and economic elements which coordinate human and material resources to achieve various organizational objectives. Some of the objectives of an organization may be: †¢ To maximize profits †¢ To produce goods and services of good quality †¢ To compete with other players in the industry †¢ To ensure welfare of its employees †¢ To make efficient use of resources and achieve growth Human behavior in organizations is as complex as the social system itself. People differ from each other in their needs and values, which can be understood better with the help of behavioral science. Behavioral science considers the influence of various elements (social, economic and technical systems) of the complex external environment on people’s behavior. It improves people’s understanding of interpersonal skills and so also their ability to work together as a team to achieve organizational goals effectively. Organizational Behavior Defined Organizational behavior is the system of culture, leadership, communication and group dynamics that determines an organization’s actions. According to Keith Davis, â€Å"it is the study and application of knowledge about how people act within an organization. Key Forces Affecting Organizational Behavior Elements of Organizational Behavior How people behave in an organization under a given situation is the concern of organizational behavior. People join an organization to achieve certain objectives. The efforts of the people are co-ordinate by the structure of authority-responsibility relationships. People use some tec hnology to produce goods and services to achieve their goals. We can call people, structure and technology as the internal organizational elements. These elements interact with the external environment and are influenced by it. The study of organizational behavior, thus, involves four key elements; people, structure, technology and the environment in which the organization operates. 1) People: People make up the internal social system of the organization. That system consists of individuals and groups, and large groups as well as small ones. There are unofficial, informal groups and more official, formal ones. Groups are dynamic. We must remember that organizations exist to serve people, rather than people existing to serve organization. The human organization of today is not the same as it was yesterday, or the day before. In particular, the workforce has become richly diverse, which means that employees bring a wide array of educational backgrounds, talents, and perspectives to their jobs. Managers need to be tuned into these diverse patterns and trends, and to be prepared to adapt to them. 2) Structure: Structure defines the roles and relationships of people in an organization. Different people in the organization are given different roles and they have certain relationships with others. Organization structure leads to division of work so that people can perform their duties to accomplish the organization goals. Under the structure, different duties are to be performed by different people. Some may be managers others may be supervisors, clerks, peons or workers. All are related to each other to accomplish the goals in a co-coordinated manner. The structure relates to authority-responsibility relationships. 3) Technology: Technology provides the resources with which people work and affects the tasks that they perform. They cannot accomplish much with their hands, so they build building, design machines, create work processes, and assemble resources. The technology used has a significant influence on working relationships. The great benefit of technology is that it allows people to do more and better work, but it also restricts people in various ways. It has costs as well as benefits. 4) Environment: All organizations operate within an internal and external environment. A single organization does not exist alone. It is part of a large system that contains many other elements such as government the family, and other organizations. Numerous changes in the environment create demands on organizations. Individual organizations, such as a factory or a school, cannot escape being influenced by this external environment. It influences the attitudes of people, affects working conditions, and provides competition for resources and power. It must be considered in the study of human behavior in organizations. Organizational Behavior and Administration The constituents of an organization are in one way or another affected by the nature of the behavioral quality of life therein and is, therefore, concerned with improving organizational behavior. Managers and supervisors are burdened with the responsibility of harnessing organizational behavior to improve people-organization relationships while the executives must attempt to create an atmosphere in the organization that will motivate employees to work effectively in harmony and in coordination with their co-workers. People find their work pleasurable whenever there’s cooperation, teamwork and understanding among themselves. The effective and successful application of human behavior paves the way for the realization of human, organizational and social objectives. Historical Development of Organizational Behavior Though human relationships have existed since time immemorial, the branch of knowledge dealing with them is relatively recent. Prior to the industrial revolution, people worked in small groups and had simple work relationships. They were, however, subjected to unhealthy working conditions and scarcity of resources, so they hardly had any job satisfaction. During the early stages of the industrial revolution, the conditions of workers showed no signs of improvement. But as increased industrial activity led to greater supply of goods, wages, working conditions, and level of job satisfaction gradually improved. ROBERT OWEN Robert Owen was a Welsh entrepreneur who bought his first factory in 1789, at the age of 18. He is important in the history of OB because he was one of the first industrialists to recognize how that growing factory system was demeaning to workers. You read "Introduction to Human Behavior in Organization" in category "Papers" Repulsed by the harsh practices he saw in factories such as the employment of young children (many under the age of 10 with 13- hour workdays, and miserable working conditions. Owen became a reformer. He chided factory owners for treating their equipment better than their employees He criticized them for buying the best machines but then employing the cheapest labor to run them. Owen argued that money spent on improving labor was one of the best investments that business executives could make . He claimed that showing concern for employees both was profitable for management and would relieve human misery. For his time, Owen was an idealist. What he proposed was a utopian workplace that would reduce the sufferings of the working class. He was more than a hundred years ahead of his time when he argued, in 1852, for regulated hours of work for all, child labor laws, public education, company-furnished meals at work, and business involvement in community projects. The history which has become a past now shows how each management wizard contributed towards welfare of employees, their working conditions and hence eventually increasing the productivity. ANDREW URE Ure provided academic training at Anderson’s College in Glasgow for managers in the early factory system. He published a text in 1835 that dealt mainly with the technical problems of manufacturing in the textile industry, but also dealt with problems of managing. Obviously pro-management, Ure advocated an â€Å"automatic plan† to provide harmony and to keep any individual worker from stopping production. He was a defender of the factory system and believed workers must recognize the benefits of mechanization and not resist its introduction. FREDERICK TAYLOR Probably the most famous management pioneer of all is Frederick W. Taylor (1856–1915), the father of scientific management. Taylor rose from common laborer to chief engineer in six years, and completed a home study course to earn a degree in mechanical engineering in 1883. In trying to overcome soldiering by the workers, Taylor began a scientific study of what workers ought to be able to produce. This study led to the beginnings of scientific management. Taylor used time studies to break tasks down into elementary movements, and designed complementary piece-rate incentive systems. Taylor believed management’s responsibility was in knowing what you want workers to do and then seeing that they do it in the best and cheapest way. He developed many new concepts such as functional authority. In other words, Taylor proposed that all authority was based on knowledge, not position. He wrote Shop Management in 1903, became the president of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1906, and was a widely traveled lecturer, lecturing at Harvard from 1909 to 1914. In 1911, Taylor published Principles of Scientific Management in 1911. Its contents would become widely accepted by managers worldwide. The book described the theory of scientific management. Scientific management was defined as methods aimed at determining the one best way for a job to be done. During this same period organized labor waged an all-out war on Taylorism resulting in a congressional investigation. In February of 1912, however, the committee reported finding no evidence to support abuses of workers or any need for remedial legislation. Taylor did not neglect the human side of work, as often suggested. He simply emphasized the individual worker not the group. Taylor called for a revolution that would fuse the interests of labor and management into a mutually rewarding whole. ELTON MAYO AND THE HAWTHORNE STUDIES Elton Mayo (1880–1949) joined the Harvard faculty in 1926 as associate professor of industrial research, and two years later was asked to work with Western Electric, as part of the Harvard research group, to continue the Hawthorne studies. Mayo was intrigued by the initial results of the early illumination studies that showed output had increased upon changes in illumination—either brighter or darker—but no one knew why. Mayo believed the increased output came from a change in mental attitude in the group as the workers developed into a social unit. Other experiments included the piecework experiment, the interviewing program, and the bank wiring room experiments. From these experiments the Mayoists concluded that employees have social needs as well as physical needs, and managers need a mix of managerial skills that include human relations skills. Organizational behavior is also heavily influenced by sociology in its study of group behavior, organization structure, diversity, and culture. In addition, the insights of cultural anthropologists contribute to an understanding of organizational culture (the values and customs of a firm). In recent years, several companies have hired anthropologists to help them cultivate the right organizational culture. Organizational behavior also gains insights from political science toward understanding the distribution of power in organizations. Contribution of other Social Sciences Psychology Psychology is the study of individual behavior within the organization. Psychological theories have helped us explain and predict individual behavior. Relationship with Organizational Behavior If one wants to improve the behavior of an individual we have to look into the psychological needs of an individual. So the knowledge of psychology can really help in improving and modifying the behavior of individual. If the psychological needs are fulfilled, it gives satisfaction to people and also give peace of mind, which can improve the ability of an organization. Many of the theories dealing with personality, attitude, learning, motivation, and stress have been applied in Organizational Behavior to understand work-related phenomena such as job satisfaction, commitment, absenteeism, turnover, and worker well-being. Elements of Psychology’s contribution to Organizational Behavior include: Learning This are of contribution became a significant element to Organizational Behavior studies when scientists attempted to identify how people would learn new skills within the workplace and how different learning styles would have to address for employees. Motivation In order to optimize the performance of members within any organization it is necessary to understand the individual characteristics of such members and by attempting to fulfill their individual’s needs creates a pattern in which to bring out the best in their efforts. Personality Psychology’s research in personality contributes to Organizational Behavior ability to assess individual attitudes and tie them to an organization or workgroup. This can certainly be a key to identifying elements related to motivation and other interpersonal dynamics. Attitude Measurement Psychology’s statistical work has provided much input related to Organizational Behavior as it relates to member’s attitudes. How an organization is to manage, reward, and create policy should include the mindsets of its members and align to organizational objectives. Work Stress How a person reacts to his/her environment and perception of that environment is deeply affected by the perspective they hold and how they think. Stress being a potential positive negative aspect of organizations certainly has a role in the study of OB. Job Satisfaction Certain key metrics relating to an organization’s effectiveness include job satisfaction of its members. How an organization provides an environment and opportunity to bring out the best in its employees is certainly its ability to explore the psychology of this work force. Sociology Sociology is defined â€Å"as the study of people in relation to their social environment or culture† (Robbins, Judge, 2007). The impact that sociology has on Organizational Behavior is significant as organizations at their nature are formations that hold both a social environment and culture. Sociologists, studying the structure and function of small groups within a society have contributed greatly to a more complete understanding of behavior within organizations. Taking their cue from Sociologists, scholars in the field of Organizational Behavior have studied the effects of the structure and function of work organization on the behavior of groups, as well as the individuals within those groups. Elements of Sociology’s Contribution to Organizational Behavior include: Communication The means and manner in which an organization’s member’s exchange information and the effectives of such exchange is highly necessary for the effective organization. Sociology’s contribution towards this dynamic of organizations is valuable in order to optimize the process and improve its accuracy. Power As shared with Anthropology, the study of power, its presence, and influence within the organization has within it a substantial role within the organization. In order to best analyze and assess an organization, the role of power and authority and its influences is necessary. Conflict As a natural by-product of any organization, conflict and its study are necessary in order to identify and map the process of improvement within an organization as well as predict potential calamity. The study of conflict and its origins will be necessary to identify the sources and solutions within the organization. Intergroup Behavior With teaming being a critical next step for many organizations, the role of intergroup behavior will have increased necessity. The ability to study the dynamics of a group and their exchanges can better help the Organizational Behavior practitioner in facilitate the formation of groups within the organization for organization benefit. Political Science Help to understand how difference in preferences and interest lead to conflict and power struggle between groups within organization. It is also involves the study of individual and group behavior within a particular political environment. It has made significant contribution in the areas of structuring of conflict allocation of power, politics within the organization and the overall administrative process. Political science has contributed immensely in developing a general theory of human behavior at work. Various disciplines tend to study very specific and narrow aspects of human behavior, resulting in fragmentation of knowledge. Behavioral science must attempt to integrate the concepts and principles from all the disciplines to make a comprehensive study of human behavior. Anthropology Anthropology involves the study of mankind, especially of its origin, development, customs and beliefs. The work of anthropologists has provided insights into the basic differences in values, attitudes and behavior of people from different countries and in different organizations. It helps to understand how culture and belief system develop. Culture is the conventionalized behavior of society which influences a person’s behavior it changes slowly, giving stability and security to society. The culture of every individual has its effects on on-the-job performance. To understand an employee’s behavior, an understanding of the culture in which he lives must have to be established. People’s exposure and contacts in churches, schools, homes, stones, as well as to the other activities they do cause them to develop a set of basic values, which are so engrained in them that they become very difficult to change. They influence his aspirations, attitude towards with his supervisors and co-worker. How to cite Introduction to Human Behavior in Organization, Papers

To find out which liquid the ball bearing will fall quickest or slowest through Essay Example

To find out which liquid the ball bearing will fall quickest or slowest through   Essay The Variables (The factors that could change the results are) Name of variable Input or Outcome Distance We will write a custom essay sample on To find out which liquid the ball bearing will fall quickest or slowest through   specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on To find out which liquid the ball bearing will fall quickest or slowest through   specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on To find out which liquid the ball bearing will fall quickest or slowest through   specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Input Liquids Input Forces Input Time Outcome In this investigation there are many variables that will affect the terminal velocity of ball bearings as they pass through the five different liquids Glycerol, Teapol, Water, Motor oil and cooking oil. The variables are; Temperature An increase in temperature decreases the viscosity of a fluid and therefore decreases the friction opposing the motion of the ball bearings. However, since the investigation takes place over a number of days, the temperature was monitored closely. Friction due to the sides of the tube may also play a part if the vertical tube is narrow. To minimize this, in the investigation, ball bearings were dropped from the center of the tube so that they were less likely to experience friction due to the sides of the tube. Distance In order to make accurate measurements on the terminal velocity of the ball bearings the distance over which their speed is measured must be kept constant and must be selected so that accurate times can be made. Material Ball bearings with a smooth shiny surface were selected for this investigation as these were less likely to have a worn surface that would increase the friction independent of radius. My Prediction I predict that the ball bearing will fall quickest through the water because all of the other liquids are sticky so the ball bearing would take longer to fall through. I also predict that the ball bearing will fall through the motor oil the slowest because the motor oil has a high density. The Scientific Explanation for my prediction is Many different forces will act upon the ball bearing being dropped through the different liquids these are Friction, Gravity and Air resistance these will all affect how fast the ball bearing will fall to the bottom of the test tube. The equipment I will need is 5 test tubes, Glycerol, Teapol, Water, Motor Oil and Cooking oil, Test tube rack, wax pencil and a ruler. Labeled Diagram Method The set up of the apparatus was designed to allow the terminal velocity of ball bearings to be determined accurately. We labeled the five test tubes accordingly to which liquids were in each test tube. Each tube was filled with 5cm beneath the top of the tube of the labeled liquid. This ensured that none of the liquids will spill from the top and that the surface of the liquids would be high enough to allow the ball bearings to be released from rest. The ball bearing was then held at the surface of the liquid and released. The time taken for the ball bearing to travel to the bottom was measured by using a stop watch and a centre metre ruler which we later recorded in a table. This process was repeated until three readings for this distance had been recorded. During the investigation each experiment was repeated three times. This allowed any anomalous results to be spotted immediately. Safety Measures I will make sure me and my group will be careful when handling all equipment which includes all of the liquids. We must also be careful when handling all of the liquids. I will make it a fair test by I will make it a fair test by repeating each experiment five times each to make sure my results are acurate and fair. We will have the same person to time the experiments and another person to measure the experiments with a cm ruler. Results Chart Liquid Density Weight of ball bearing in liquid Viscosity Averages Motor Oil 0.845.0 (1.950g) 0.01991 N 3.84 3.84 Water 0.995.6 (1.991g) 0.01991 N 124.38 1.21 Cooking Oil 0.923.6 (2.13168) 0.0213 N 97.125 1.66 Teapol 101.0 (2.17568) 02176 N 39.093 4.22 Glycerol 124.84 (2.4970) 0.02176 N 13.89 13.89 Conclusion What I found out from the experiment was that my prediction was right I predict that the ball bearing will fall quickest through the water because all of the other liquids are sticky so the ball bearing would take longer to fall through. I also predict that the ball bearing will fall through the motor oil the slowest because the motor oil has a high density. The water had a viscosity of 124.38 while the motor oil had a viscosity of 3.84. Which shows that the ball bearing took longer to fall to the bottom of the motor oil. Evaluation I found this experiment quite difficult because in the sticky liquids it was harder to see the ball bearing and made it difficult to time and measure acurate results. To reduce these errors, a more accurate method for measuring the speed of the ball bearings should be found. This might be done in several ways: Reducing speed whilst glycerol is a fairly viscous fluid, the ball bearings were still able to travel relatively fast through it. If a more viscous fluid could be found, the speed should be reduced increasing the accuracy of the time measurements. Increasing distance by increasing the distance over which the time taken by the ball bearings is measured, reaction times associated with using a stop watch would be less significant and accuracy would be increased. However, increasing this distance would decrease the accuracy of finding the exact point at which terminal velocity was reached. Apparatus the experiment could be redesigned so that apparatus such as light gates could be used to provide an accurate method to obtain data for the speed of the ball bearings. Throughout the experiment I monitored the temperature using a thermometer. This was because temperature affects the viscosity of the glycerol and therefore the friction opposing the motion of the ball bearings. Variation of temperature A thermometer measures to the nearest degree This meant variations in viscosity of the liquids within the tube and difficulty in maintaining a constant temperature when reached. Friction Frictional forces acting from the sides of the tube may have had significant effect on the ball bearings by opposing their motion. This may have produced anomalous results. To eliminate this in a future investigation, a much wider tube should be used.